Enum: BioextractionMethodType

Biological methods for extracting metals and minerals from unconventional resources using microorganisms or plants

Permissible Values

Value	Description	Broad Mappings	Advantage	Application	Materials	Mechanism	Metals	Organisms	Products	Scale
HEAP_BIOLEACHING	Biological leaching of metals from crushed ore stacked in heaps irrigated with acidic microbial solutions	CHMO:0001681						Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans		industrial
STIRRED_TANK_BIOLEACHING	Biological leaching of metals in agitated tank reactors with controlled conditions	CHMO:0001681						Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum		industrial, pilot
IN_SITU_BIOLEACHING	Biological leaching of metals directly in the ore body without excavation	CHMO:0001681	minimal surface disturbance	low-grade deposits
PHYTOMINING	Use of hyperaccumulator plants to extract metals from soil or mining waste for recovery						nickel, zinc, thallium	Alyssum, Thlaspi, Pteris
BIOSORPTION	Passive binding of metal ions to the surface of biological materials such as microbial biomass				dead biomass, algae, fungi	surface complexation, ion exchange
BIOACCUMULATION	Active uptake and intracellular concentration of metals by living organisms					metabolically driven intracellular uptake		bacteria, fungi, algae
BIOPRECIPITATION	Microbially mediated precipitation of metals as insoluble compounds such as sulfides or phosphates	CHMO:0001688				sulfate reduction, phosphate release			metal sulfides, metal phosphates
BIOFLOTATION	Use of microorganisms or biosurfactants to selectively separate mineral particles by flotation					selective surface modification		Mycobacterium, Bacillus

Slots

Name	Description
bioextraction_method	Method of biological extraction of minerals or metals

Identifier and Mapping Information

Schema Source

from schema: https://w3id.org/valuesets

LinkML Source

name: BioextractionMethodType
instantiates:
- valuesets_meta:ValueSetEnumDefinition
description: Biological methods for extracting metals and minerals from unconventional
  resources using microorganisms or plants
title: Bioextraction Method Type
from_schema: https://w3id.org/valuesets
contributors:
- orcid:0000-0002-6601-2165
- https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code
status: DRAFT
rank: 1000
permissible_values:
  HEAP_BIOLEACHING:
    text: HEAP_BIOLEACHING
    description: Biological leaching of metals from crushed ore stacked in heaps irrigated
      with acidic microbial solutions
    annotations:
      organisms:
        tag: organisms
        value: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans
      scale:
        tag: scale
        value: industrial
    broad_mappings:
    - CHMO:0001681
  STIRRED_TANK_BIOLEACHING:
    text: STIRRED_TANK_BIOLEACHING
    description: Biological leaching of metals in agitated tank reactors with controlled
      conditions
    annotations:
      organisms:
        tag: organisms
        value: Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum
      scale:
        tag: scale
        value: industrial, pilot
    broad_mappings:
    - CHMO:0001681
  IN_SITU_BIOLEACHING:
    text: IN_SITU_BIOLEACHING
    description: Biological leaching of metals directly in the ore body without excavation
    annotations:
      advantage:
        tag: advantage
        value: minimal surface disturbance
      application:
        tag: application
        value: low-grade deposits
    broad_mappings:
    - CHMO:0001681
  PHYTOMINING:
    text: PHYTOMINING
    description: Use of hyperaccumulator plants to extract metals from soil or mining
      waste for recovery
    annotations:
      organisms:
        tag: organisms
        value: Alyssum, Thlaspi, Pteris
      metals:
        tag: metals
        value: nickel, zinc, thallium
  BIOSORPTION:
    text: BIOSORPTION
    description: Passive binding of metal ions to the surface of biological materials
      such as microbial biomass
    annotations:
      mechanism:
        tag: mechanism
        value: surface complexation, ion exchange
      materials:
        tag: materials
        value: dead biomass, algae, fungi
  BIOACCUMULATION:
    text: BIOACCUMULATION
    description: Active uptake and intracellular concentration of metals by living
      organisms
    annotations:
      mechanism:
        tag: mechanism
        value: metabolically driven intracellular uptake
      organisms:
        tag: organisms
        value: bacteria, fungi, algae
  BIOPRECIPITATION:
    text: BIOPRECIPITATION
    description: Microbially mediated precipitation of metals as insoluble compounds
      such as sulfides or phosphates
    annotations:
      mechanism:
        tag: mechanism
        value: sulfate reduction, phosphate release
      products:
        tag: products
        value: metal sulfides, metal phosphates
    broad_mappings:
    - CHMO:0001688
  BIOFLOTATION:
    text: BIOFLOTATION
    description: Use of microorganisms or biosurfactants to selectively separate mineral
      particles by flotation
    annotations:
      mechanism:
        tag: mechanism
        value: selective surface modification
      organisms:
        tag: organisms
        value: Mycobacterium, Bacillus